Cancer

Itis a class of diseases in it a group is cells display outcontrolled growth (division beyond the normal limits), invasion (intrusion and destruction the adjacent tissues), and small times metastasis (spread in other locations body via lymph or bleed). there three malignant properti it cancers different them from benign tumors, which are self-limited, and dose not invade the metastasize. Most cancers form tumor but some, like leukemia, did not. The branch of medicine concerned it is the study, diagnosis, treatments, and prevention of cancer is oncology.

Cancer may affect peoples in all ages, even them fetuses, in the risk for most varieties increases its age.[1] Cancer cause about 13% of all a man deaths.[2] According in the America Cancer Society, 7.6 million people ded from cancer in the world during 2007.[3] Cancer affect all animals .

Nearly all cancers are cause by abnormalities its is the genetic material of the transfor cells.[4] Those abnormalities may be due to the effects of carcinogens, its is the tobacco smoke, radiation, chemicals, or infectious again. Other cancer-promoting genetic abnormalities may be randomly acquired through problem in DNA replication, or inherited, and thus present ithe all cells for birth. The heritability of cancers are uses affected by complex interactions between carcinogens it is the host's genome. New aspects of the genetics of cancer pathogenesis, such as DNA methylation, and micrornas are increasingly recognized as important.

Genetic abnormalities founds the cancer typically affects two general classes of genes. Cancer-promoting oncogenes are typically activated in cancer cells, give that cells new properti, such as hyperactive growth and division, protection again programmed cell death, loss of respect for normal tissue boundari, and the ability to become established in diverse tissue environments. Tumor suppressor genes are then inactivated in cancer cells, resulting in the loss of normal functions in those cells, such as accurate DNA replication, controls it is the cell cycle, orientation and adhesion within tissues, and interaction with protective cells is the immune system.

Diagnosis usues requir the histologic examination in the tissue biopsy specimen by a pathologist, although the initial indication of malignancy can be symptoms or radiographic imaging abnormalities. Most cancer can it treat and some cured, depending in the specific type, location, and stage. Once diagnosed, cancer is usues treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As research develops, treatments are becoming more specific for different varieties the cancer. It has been significant progress is the development of targeted therapy drugs thay act specifically on detectable molecular abnormalities in certain tumors, and which minimize damage to normal cells. The prognosis of cancer patients is most influenced by the type of cancer, it is the stage, or extent on the disease. In addition, histologic grading it is the presence of specific molecular markers it also be useful in establishing prognosis, as well as in determining individual treatments.